Publikasjoner

Towards seamless environmental prediction–development of Pan-Eurasian EXperiment (PEEX) modelling platform

The Pan-Eurasian Experiment Modelling Platform (PEEX-MP) is one of the key blocks of the PEEX Research Programme. The PEEX MP has more than 30 models and is directed towards seamless environmental prediction. The main focus area is the Arctic-boreal regions and China. The models used in PEEX-MP cover several main components of the Earth’s system, such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere, and resolve the physical-chemical-biological processes at different spatial and temporal scales and resolutions. This paper introduces and discusses PEEX MP multi-scale modelling concept for the Earth system, online integrated, forward/inverse, and socioeconomical modelling, and other approaches with a particular focus on applications in the PEEX geographical domain. The employed high-performance computing facilities, capabilities, and PEEX dataflow for modelling results are described. Several virtual research platforms (PEEX-View, Virtual Research Environment, Web-based Atlas) for handling PEEX modelling and observational results are introduced. The overall approach allows us to understand better physical-chemical-biological processes, Earth’s system interactions and feedbacks and to provide valuable information for assessment studies on evaluating risks, impact, consequences, etc. for population, environment and climate in the PEEX domain. This work was also one of the last projects of Prof. Sergej Zilitinkevich, who passed away on 15 February 2021. Since the finalization took time, the paper was actually submitted in 2023 and we could not argue that the final paper text was agreed with him.

Towards reliable data: Validation of a machine learning-based approach for microplastics analysis in marine organisms using Nile red staining

Towards personal exposure estimates using low-cost air quality sensors and data fusion techniques.

Schneider, P.; Castell, N.; Lahoz, W.A.

Towards Net Zero: Evaluating Combined Terrestrial and Marine CDR Approaches

With the global annual mean temperature in 2024 exceeding 1.5°C above preindustrial levels, there is an urgent need to investigate pathways for returning the Earth system to lower temperature levels. In addition to stringent emission reduction, we need portfolios of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) techniques to achieve the net-zero emission target. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate various land and ocean-based CDRs for their effectiveness, environmental risks, and additional benefits.
This study evaluates the CO₂ sequestration potential and efficacy of two prominent CDR methods—Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) and Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE)—applied both individually and in combination. Using the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2-LM), simulations were designed with ramped-up CDR deployment, targeting 5.2 million km² of bioenergy feedstock for BECCS and a CaO deployment rate of 2.7 Gt/year for OAE by 2100 across the exclusive economic zones of Europe, the United States, and China. The results reveal a nearly additive carbon removal effect of BECCS and OAE. Over the period 2030-2100, OAE sequestered a total of 7 ppm of CO2 with an accumulated 82.3 Gt CaO, achieving a CDR effectiveness of 0.08 ppm per Gt of CaO, while BECCS removes 23 ppm of CO2, with CDR effectiveness of 3.1 ppm per million km² of bioenergy crops. The combined BECCS-OAE simulation offsets anthropogenic CO₂ emissions of 5.4 Gt/year by 2100—equivalent to over 60% of current global transport sector emissions. However, the combined CDR scenario shows negligible effects on the global annual mean temperature, with no clear response detectable against the high internal variability. This underscores the limitations of current CDR approaches in addressing climate warming over the 21st century and emphasizes the need for substantial emissions reductions, supportive policies and diversified CDR strategies to facilitate a return to lower global temperatures.

Towards monitoring of air quality at the citizen's scale.

Lahoz, W.A.

Towards crowd-sourced air quality and physical activity monitoring by a low-cost mobile platform. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 9677

Yang, B.; Castell, N.; Pei, J.; Du, Y.; Gebremedhin, A.; Kirkevold, Ø.

Towards creating a ESA CCI Level 4 root zone soil moisture product using land surface data assimilation

Towards consistent land surface temperature products from multiple satellite instruments: validation results from WACMOS-ET.

Schneider, P.; Martins, J.; Pires, A.; Trigo, I.; Jimenez, C.; Prigent, C.; Prata, F.; Goettsche, F.; Hook, S.

Towards better exploitation of Satellite data for monitoring Air Quality in Norway using downscaling techniques (SAT4AQN). Final project report.

The main goal for the “Towards better exploitation of Satellite data for monitoring Air Quality in Norway using
downscaling techniques” (Sat4AQN) project was to evaluate the potential of spatially downscaling satellite data using a
high-resolution Chemical Transport Model (CTM) to spatial scales that are more relevant for monitoring air quality in
urban areas and regional background sites in Norway. For this demonstration project, we focused on satellite aerosol
optical density (AOD) and particulate matter (PM) estimates.

NILU

Towards assimilation of passive microwave brightness temperature at northern latitudes using the ensemble Kalman Filter.

Blyverket, J.; Hamer, P.; Bakketun, Å.; Lahoz, W.

Towards an operational implementation of particle aggregation in ash dispersion models. NILU F

Mastin, L.G.; Van Eaton, A.R.; Durant, A.J.; Schwaiger, H.F.; Denlinger, R.P.

Towards an in-house Arctic environmental fate and bioaccumulation model for organic contaminants – A platform for cooperation across institutes?

Towards an 'in-house' Arctic bioaccumulation model for organic contaminants. A platform for cooperation across institutes?

Krogseth, I. S.; Breivik, K.; Nøst, T.H.