Publikasjoner

Bruk av sensorsystemer for måling av utendørs luftforurensning – muligheter og begrensninger

BTEX fra vannrenseanlegg ved Mongstad raffineri. Spredningsberegninger utslipp til luft

NILU

Building and evaluating sensor-based Citizens' Observatories for improving quality of life in cities.

Castell, N.; Lahoz, W.; Schneider, P.; Hoiskar, B.A.; Grossberndt, S.; Naderer, C.; Robinson, J.; Kocman, D.; Horvat, M.; Bartonova, A.

Building-related symptoms in school environment: Predictability using machine learning approach

Building-related symptoms (BRS) are commonly experienced by students in schools and are potentially affecting academic performance and health. Even though indoor environment quality (IEQ) measurements indicated fair conditions, students still perceived discomfort that led to symptoms, highlighting the necessity of collecting user-feedback about IEQ-complaints. This study aimed to predict and understand the prevalence of BRS (headache, tiredness, cough, dry eyes-hands) experienced by students in classrooms using machine-learning (ML) approach based on measurement data, building factors, and prevalence of IEQ-complaints. We collected measurement data (from indoor and outdoor climate), building factors, and user-feedback by students via online-platform across three sampled classrooms each campaign during three consecutive school semesters. Significant input variables for ML were pre-selected using statistical tests. ML models were evaluated based on accuracy metrics and SHAP analysis for input interpretation. Models using measurement data alone performed poorly (testing R² <50 %) to predict prevalence of BRS, whereas adding building factors and prevalence of IEQ-complaints increased accuracy (R² up to 95 %) of prediction of BRS with lower RMSE. In addition, interpretation from SHAP analysis showed IEQ-complaints especially related with indoor air quality (e.g., heavy air, dust & dirt, and dry air) as significant contributors for predicting prevalence of BRS. We conclude that the framework of combining objective measurements with occupant-reported complaints can be reliable, interpretable predictions of symptom prevalence. This study is limited by single-school setting, health confounders, and symptoms verification. Future research may contribute to exploring wider set of input variables, applicability, and variation of complaints preference.

Buried and forgotten: Plastic contamination in an ancient deep-sea fish lineage

Bye-bye, two degree target? Recent development in observed CO2 and CH4: Do we see signs of reductions? NILU F

Myhre, C.L.

Bygger hytte av plast: – Dette er bra for miljøet

Herzke, Dorte (intervjuobjekt); Ellefsen, Vegard Unger (journalist)

Byutvikling og luftkvalitet. NILU F

Sivertsen, B.; Larssen, S.

Bør ha nye målinger

Cadmium pollution from zinc‐smelters up to four‐fold higher than expected in western Europe in the 1980s as revealed by alpine ice

Estimates of past emission inventories suggest that toxic heavy metal pollution in Europe was highest in the mid‐1970s for lead and in the mid‐1960s for cadmium, but these previous estimates have not been compared to observations. Here, alpine ice‐cores were used to document cadmium and lead pollution in western Europe between 1890 and 2000. The ice‐core trends show that while lead pollution largely from leaded gasoline reached a maximum in ~1975 as expected, cadmium pollution primarily from zinc smelters peaked in the early‐1980s rather than in ~1965 and was up to fourfold higher than estimated after 1975. Comparisons between ice‐core trends, estimated past emissions, and state‐of‐the‐art atmospheric aerosol transport and deposition modeling suggest that the estimated decreases in cadmium emissions after 1970 were based on overly optimistic emissions reductions from the introduction of pollution control devices and other technological improvements.

Calculation of person-weighted average concentrations of NO2, PM10 and PM 2,5 in Oslo for 1992-2002. NILU PP

Walker, S.-E.; Rosland, P.

Calculation of person-weighted average concentrations of NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 in Oslo for 1992-2002.

Walker, S.-E.; Rosland, P.